Research progress on visual quality and complications after implantable collamer lens implantation / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

Corneal refractive surgery and intraocular collamer lens(ICL)implantation are the mainstream refractive surgery methods at present. Many studies have proved that ICL implantation can effectively improve the postoperative visual acuity of patients. ICL implantation has gained favor among refractive doctors and patients because of its multiple advantages. Excellent postoperative visual acuity and visual quality are the key factors to improve patients' satisfaction. In order to evaluate the subjective and objective visual quality of patients after operation and avoid complications, this article reviews the visual quality and postoperative complications after ICL implantation.

Curative effects of valsartan combined with Bailing capsule for the treatment of diabetic nephropathy / 中国基层医药

Objective To discuss the curative effects and clinical safety of using valsartan combined with Bailing capsule to treat diabetic nephropathy ( DN) .Methods In our hospital ,90 patients with diabetic nephropathy were chosen and divided into the two groups ( 45 cases in each group ):the control group treated with 80mg/d of valsartan and the observation group given bailing capsules 9g/d on basis of the control group .Before and after 16 weeks treatment,two groups′24h urine trace albumin excretion rate (UAER),potassium,serum creatinine (SCr), urea nitrogen ( BUN) ,total cholesterol ( TC) ,triglycerides ( TG) ,fasting plasma glucose ( FPG) and blood rheology changes were recorded and compared .Results After treatment the observation group′s high shear viscosity ,low shear viscosity,whole blood reductive viscosity and blood plasma viscosity all significantly decreased ( t=6.236,10.659, 12.509 and 7.269,all P0.05);No adverse reactions such as heart ,liver and kidney happened in the two groups .Conclusion Using valsartan in joint with Bailing capsule for the treatment of diabetic nephropathy ( DN) has distinct curative effects and no obvious adverse reactions ,which is worthy of clinical promotion .

The Clinical efficacy in the treatment of early diabetic nephropathy from rosuvastatin combined with benaze-pril / 中国基层医药

Objective To explore the clinical efficacy in the treatment of early diabetic nephropathy from ro-suvastatin combined with benazepril .Methods 107 patients of early diabetic nephropathy in our hospital were retro-spectively analyzed .On the basis of the conventional treatment of diabetes ,the control group were treated with benaze-pril;while the observation group were treated with rosuvastatin combined with benazepril .Before and after treatment , the improvement of the related indicators were observed , such as blood glucose ,lipids and renal function .The clinical efficacy were comprehensively evaluated .Results The level of the fasting blood glucose and 2-hour postprandial blood glucose of the observation group were lower than those of the control group , the difference was significant ( t=9.785,9.525,all P<0.05);the blood lipid levels such as TC ,TG and LDL-C in the observation group were signifi-cantly lower than those of the control group .But the levels of HDL-c was significantly increased , the difference was significant(t=9.938,10.283,10.475,9.782,allP<0.05);the indicators of renal function such as UAER ,Scr and BUN were significantly lower than those of the control group , the difference was significant ( t =9.938,12.341, 11.265,9.982,all P<0.05);The total effective rate of the observation group was 94.55%,significantly higher than the 76.92%of the control group, the difference was statistically significant (χ2 =10.120,P<0.05).Conclusion The effect of rosuvastatin combined with benazepril for the treatment of early diabetic nephropathy is very significant which is worthy applying in clinical practice .

Expression of glucose transporter protein 1 and desmin in reactive mesothelial hyperplasia and epithelioid malignant mesothelioma / 中华病理学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the expression of glucose transporter protein 1 (GLUT-1) and desmin in benign and malignant mesothelial lesions, including reactive mesothelial hyperplasia (RMH), epithelioid malignant mesothelioma (EMM) and metastatic adenocarcinoma (MAC).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>One hundred and forty two pleural biopsy specimens were collected in this study, including 58 cases of RMH, 53 cases of EMM and 31 cases of MAC. Immunohistochemical EliVision method was performed to detect GLUT-1 and desmin expression.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The positive rates for GLUT-1 in RMH, EMM and MAC were 13.8% (8/58) , 81.1% (43/53) and 77.4% (24/31) , respectively, with statistically significant differences between RMH and others (both P < 0.01). The positive rates for desmin in RMH, EMM and MAC were 77.6% (45/58) , 9.4% (5/53) and 0 (0/31) , respectively, with statistically significant difference between RMH and others (both P < 0.01). The combined expression pattern of positive GLUT-1 and negative desmin was found in 1 (1.7%, 1/58) RMH cases, 41 (77.4%, 41/53) EMM cases and 24 (77.4%, 24/31) MAC cases, with statistically significant difference between RMH and others (both P < 0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>GLUT-1 and desmin may be used as immunohistochemical markers in separating RMH from EMM. Combined application of two antibodies may improve the specificity.</p>

Pulmonary capillary hemangiomatosis: a clinicopathologic analysis of 2 cases with review of literature / 中华病理学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the clinicopathologic features of pulmonary capillary hemangiomatosis (PCH).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The clinical and pathologic profiles of 2 PCH cases were evaluated. Immunohistochemical study (EnVision method) was performed on fixed tissues. The biologic behavior was analyzed with follow-up data.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The main presenting symptom was dyspnea. Chest radiography of the two cases depicted diffuse, ground-glass nodules, accompanied by enlarged central pulmonary arteries. Microscopically, the most distinctive feature was proliferation of capillary channels within pulmonary interstitium and alveolar walls, accompanied by muscularization of arterioles. Immunohistochemical study showed an abundance of mast cells in the lesion, and staining for platelet-derived growth factor receptor-beta (PDGFR-β) localized to vascular smooth muscles surrounding the proliferating capillaries and the mast cells. The index of Ki-67 was less than 1 percent and the p53 was negative.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>PCH is a rare vascular proliferative disease of yang patients. Increased number of mast cell and the up-regulation of PDGFR-β may suggest mechanism for PCH. The clinical and radiologic diagnosis of PCH can be very difficult, and the histological examination is regarded as the most reliable means to establish the diagnosis. Pathologists should improve their knowledge on PCH.</p>

Pathologic diagnosis and clinical analysis of chronic extrinsic allergic alveolitis / 中华病理学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the clinicopathologic features and diagnostic approach of chronic extrinsic allergic alveolitis (EAA).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Seven cases of chronic EAA diagnosed by open lung biopsy or lung transplant were enrolled into the study. The clinical and pathologic features were analyzed and the literature was reviewed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>There were altogether 4 men and 3 women. The age of the patients ranged from 30 to 65 years (mean = 48 years). All cases represented chronic form and five cases diagnosed by open lung biopsy also showed features of recent aggravation, leading to hospitalization. Four cases had known history of exposure to inciting gases, pollens and pets, and only 2 cases were positive for allergens. High-resolution CT scan showed ground-glass attenuation and reticular pattern that often had a patchy distribution and central predominance. Bronchoalveolar lavage analysis showed marked lymphocytosis, with CD4(+)/CD8(+) ratio less than 1. Lung function test demonstrated a restrictive ventilatory defect, with decreased compliance, reduced diffusion capacity and high airway obstruction. Five cases had open lung biopsy performed and two cases had undergone lung transplantation. Pathologic examination showed bronchiolocentric cellular interstitial pneumonia, interstitial fibrosis, non-caseating epithelioid granulomas, epithelioid histiocytic infiltrate in the respiratory bronchioles and intraluminal budding fibrosis. The five cases with open lung biopsy performed also showed neutrophilic infiltrate in the alveoli. The two lung transplant cases were complicated by severe fibrotic changes.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Chronic EAA demonstrates characteristic pathologic features. Definitive diagnosis requires correlation with clinical and radiologic findings due to possible morphologic mimicry of other diffuse parenchymal lung diseases.</p>

Prevalence, awareness, treatment and control of hypertension in rural adult residents of Liaoning Province / 中华心血管病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>The objective of this study was to estimate the current status of prevalence, awareness, treatment and control rate of hypertension in adult residents living in rural area of Liaoning Province, North China.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The screening was finished in 2008, probability proportional to size sampling method was used to select the representative sample. Blood pressure was measured in 153481 adults (aged > 35 yr), information on history of hypertension and use of antihypertensive medications was obtained by use of a standard questionnaire.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Overall, hypertension prevalence rate was 41.9%, the age-specific hypertension prevalence rate was 25.0%, 37.7%, 50.2%, and 64.9% in men and 22.1%, 41.1%, 56.6% and 70.2% in women age 35 to 44 years, 45 to 54 years, 55 to 64 years, and above 65 years, respectively. Among hypertensive patients, awareness rate was only 54.1%, 39.7% patients received antihypertensive medication and blood pressure control rate (< 140/90 mm Hg) was 6.9% in all participants and was 9.3% in treated hypertensive patients.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Our results indicates that hypertension prevalence is highly while awareness, treatment and control rate of hypertension was low in rural areas of northeast China. These results underscore the urgent need to develop comprehensive strategies to improve prevention, detection, and treatment of hypertension in rural population of Liaoning province.</p>

Epidemiological analysis on 141 cases of angiostrongyliasis cantonensis in Beijing / 中华流行病学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To provide scientific basis for angiostrongyliasis cantonensis control and prevention in Beijing.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Descriptive epidemiological method was used to analyze angiostrongyliasis cantonensis reported from June to September in 2006.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>141 cases were treated at the Beijing Friendship Hospital with the peak in July (61 cases) and August (68 cases). All patients had dined at the same restaurant in Beijing city and they ate undercooked Pomacea canaliculata or related eatables. The source of Pomacea canaliculata was from Guilin in Guangxi. Major manifestations would include fever (56.79%), headache (93.83%), neck stiffness (100%), and skin paresthesia (77.78%). Some cases had significant eosinophil increase in peripheral blood picture and cerebrospinal fluid respectively.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The source of infection related to angiostrongyliasis cantonensis was clear, suggesting that the improvement of restaurant sanitation and on awareness of personal hygiene were important preventive and control measures on angiostrongyliasis cantonensis.</p>

Effect of neoadjuvant chemotherapy on the crispness of pulmonary vessels in patients with lung cancer / 中国肺癌杂志

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Neoadjuvant chemotherapy is one of the hot points of lung cancer therapy,which has been proven to be able to improve resection rate and 5-year survival of patients.But its effect on operation safety is not clear yet.The aim of this study is to confirm the effect of neoadjuvant chemotherapy on pulmonary arterial wall so as to assess its safety for operation in patients with lung cancer.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Thirty-two patients underwent lobectomy or pneumonectomy with mediastinal lymphadenectomy after a neoadjuvant chemotherapy,compared with 36 patients surgically treated only.During the operation,the changes of thoracic structure were observed.After the operation,the pulmonary artery specimens were detected pathologically.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The incidence of pleural fibrosis and thickening of pulmonary arterial tunica adventitia in neoadjuvant chemotherapy group was significantly higher than those of control group(59.38% vs 22.22%,P < 0.01;68.75% vs 19.44%,P < 0.01).The incidence of tunica intima,internal elastic membrane and tunica media damage in neoadjuvant chemotherapy group was also markedly higher than those of control group(65.62% vs 33.33%,P < 0.01;59.38% vs 19.44%,P < 0.01;71.88% vs 22.22%,P < 0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Neoadjuvant chemotherapy may lead to pleural fibrosis and thickening of pulmonary arterial tunica adventitia and increase crispness of pulmonary arterial wall,which may increase difficulty and risk of operation.</p>

Clinical analysis of 58 surgically treated patients with bronchioloalveolar carcinoma / 中国肺癌杂志

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Bronchioloalveolar carcinoma is a kind of special lung cancer. The aim of this study is to analyze its characteristics, surgical intervention and prognosis.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Fifty-eight surgically treated patients with bronchioloalveolar carcinoma from 1993 to 2000 were followed up. The clinical characteristics, surgical mode, site of recurrent disease and survival were analyzed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Out of 58 patients, 15 were male (25.9%), and 43 were female (74.1%). Fifty-one patients performed lobectomy ( 87.9%). The 1-, 3- and 5-year survival rate was 91.4%, 75.9% and 60.3% respectively. There was no remarkable difference in survival between chemotherapy group and non-chemotherapy group after surgery (P= 0.22).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Lobectomy is performed commonly in patients with bronchioloalveolar carcinoma. No obvious correlation is found between postoperative chemotherapy and survival.</p>

X-chromosome inactivation patterns of different tumor nodules in multiple leiomyomas of uterus / 中华病理学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To describe the relationship among different tumor nodules in multiple leiomyomas of uterus.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Genomic DNA was extracted from fresh tissue samples, digested through incubation with methylation-sensitive Hha I or Hpa II, and amplified via PCR for androgen receptor (AR) and phosphoglycerate kinase (PGK) genes. The length polymorphism on AR gene was demonstrated by denaturing polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and silver staining, the PGK gene products were treated with Bst XI and resolved on agarose gels.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>112 cases of leiomyomas and one case of leiomyosarcoma were examined, 89% showing the length polymorphism for AR gene and 30% carrying the polymorphic Bst XI site at PGK locus. Loss of X-chromosome inactivation mosaicism was observed in all the 321 tumor nodules examined from 77 cases, reflecting their clonal cellular composition. The relationship between different nodules was evaluated by their X-chromosome inactivation patterns in the 295 tumor nodules taken from 57 multiple leiomyomas. Similar inactivated alleles were found in all nodules in 30, in most nodules in 7 cases, similar to a multi-nodular leiomyosarcoma, while 20 cases showed near-random distribution of the inactivated alleles in different nodules, indicating their multicentric origins. No relevance was found between this difference and any histopathological parameters including number of mitotic figures and occurrence of bizarre nuclei and degeneration. In addition, an identical mutation and loss of heterozygosity were found at the AR locus in two apparently discrete tumor nodules in one case, providing further evidence for the unicellular origin of these lesions.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The multi-nodular leiomyomas may be classified into multicentric, unicentric types, as well as a mixed type. It remains to be clarified whether different nodules in the unicentric cases originate from a parent tumor by migration or by spreading.</p>